Interchanging the values of two variables…
What’s the big deal. You take one extra variable; put the first variable’s
value in it, copy the value of the second variable to the first one and then
copy the value of the extra variable to the first one and there you are!
But what, if I say that you don’t have to use the third variable, let’s
say because the memory is full and you are left with memory only sufficient
for storing two variables. Doesn’t make sense. Huh!
It makes sense if you want to gain programming skills because solving problems
is the only way to do it. In this article we start with a simple one.
So, how do we do it?
It is not very big deal to interchange the values of two variables without using
the third variable yet I have come across peoples who don’t think it can
be done.
To solve this problem we need to do two things (i)First we need to write down
the method (algorithm) of doing it (ii0 Secondly, we need to write the c++ code
from the algorithm.
The Method
The method of solving this problem is discussed in a step-by-step manner to
make it easily understandable.
SETP 1: Let us assume that we have two variables. First variable
is named var1 and second var2.
STEP 2: WE put different values int the variables. Suppose
we put the following values.
var1=15
var2=5
STEP 3: We have to do the following addition and subtraction
var1=var1-var2
(Now var1=10)
var2=var1+var2
(Now var2=15)
var1=var2-var1
(Now var1=5)
STEP 4: Wow! The values of the variable have been interchanged.
Initially the values were var1=15; var2=5
And now they are var1=5; var2=15
Now we proceed to the second part…
Program it
All said and done; now we only need to program it.
//Program to interchange the values of
//two variables without using the third one
#include<iostream.h>
void main(void)
{
int var1,var2;
cout<<"Enter two numbers:";
cin>>var1>>var2;
//intercahnge is done here
var1=var1-var2;
var2=var1+var2;
var1=var2-var1; cout<<endl<<"After interchange values are:";
cout<<endl<<var1<<endl<<var2<<endl;
}Simple isn’t it, how about trying this with three variables, for instance
if the initial values three variables are a=5; b=15; c=25 then after interchange
the values should be a=15; b=25; c=5.
Go ahead its easy!
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